The majestic basilica of San Gavino in Porto Torres is a monument of extraordinary historical and architectural importance, the construction of which began shortly after 1050. For almost four centuries, until 1441, this imposing building played the crucial role of cathedral of the Turritan diocese, before the episcopal seat was transferred to Sassari, thus marking an important chapter in the ecclesiastical history of Sardinia.
The beginning of the 17th century marked a significant moment in the basilica's history with the discovery of relics attributed to St Gavinus and his fellow martyrs, Proto and Januarius. This event led to the construction of a vast crypt, adding a further layer of sacredness and historical importance to the building.
One of the most intriguing architectural features of the basilica is the presence of two opposing apses, whose original function remains a matter of debate among scholars. This peculiar configuration offers interesting insights into liturgical practices and architectural influences of the time.
The basilica stands on a site of great historical importance, occupying the area of a Roman necropolis. Its construction, made of limestone, overlaps two pre-existing buildings dating from the 5th-6th centuries, testifying to a continuity of use and historical stratification of the site. The position of the church, between two courtyards now known as 'Atrio Comita' and 'Atrio Metropoli', suggests a complex spatial organisation rich in symbolic meanings.